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Antenna Distribution
MATV (Master Antenna Television) Explained
MATV systems (Master Antenna Television) distribute signals from a single aerial system to a number of receivers.MATV systems differ from IRS (Integrated Reception Systems) by only offering Freeview and DAB radio. For those projects where giving residents the optimum choice of satellite TV is not a prime objective – such as affordable housing, prisons or hospitals, this can result in a cost saving for the developer. These modern 'Multi point' distribution systems normally incorporate a form of MATV design which is tailored to the client's specific needs.
In a typical modern MATV installation the aerial is a conventional UHF TV aerial, receiving both analogue and digital TV signals. These signals are then processed and a distribution network delivers all television signals to a socket in each destination. There can be more than one outlet per destination, but only one TV set can be connected.
A multitude of commercial premises including hotels, offices, housing developments and holiday parks, now utilise some form of MATV system to supply an array of different programmes and information services to their end-user customers.
While MATV systems may vary in size and complexity, the basic structure of the system includes two clear areas of interest, namely the Head End System and the Distribution System.
The MATV Head End is primarily tailored to provide the end-user with 'Off-Air' terrestrial services like BBC1, BBC2, ITV, C4 and C5. The 'Off-Air' services are initially received by a robust high gain aerial installation, which is mounted at a convenient position on the premises. A high quality antenna and Mast Head Amplification ensure that signal quality is optimised at the front end of the Head-End system therefore minimising any form of inherent noise, prior to the main amplification stages. This signal feed is then passed through channel equalisation stages to balance all incoming channels before additional filtering stages are used to minimise or reject unwanted interference sources. Clients now have the option of inserting additional UHF/ VHF channels for special features like Guest Information Services, Video programmes (PPV) or 'Off Air' radio services (BBC Radio etc), before the signal is then fed to the main launch amplification for onward distribution.
The Distribution System involves inserting the output signal from the launch amplifier into a structured cabling system constructed of high grade cable and screened outlet plates, which are installed within the premises to provide the end user with the required service package. Structured cabling systems can vary greatly in size, dependent upon the physical layout of the premises they are being installed into and the number of outlet points required to support the end-users customer requirements.
DAS have many years of practical experience of installing MATV systems by completing major projects for commercial clients across the country.
About the Author
DAS aims to make the UK’s switch to digital television as effortless, uncomplicated and straightforward as possible.
To make that happen we focus on the two most important areas of our business: quality engineering and clear communication.
At DAS we also take health and safety as seriously as you do – with comprehensive method statements and risk assessments produced for each and every project we undertake.
Our levels of public and employers liability also far exceed the minimum standards required and we have amassed experience across every type of installation environment.
As active members of the Confederation of Aerial Industries and the Constructionline scheme we work hard to maintain the quality and efficiency of our working practices - and are proud that this has been recognised and verified through the official award of the Government-led "digital tick" and the award of ISO 9001 accreditation.
TELEPHONE Technology question?
What type of power and signal-transmission is more common in "an older land-line telephone system" with old and outdated copper wires?
%I am trying to determine how the signals are sent through the telephone lines in my alley.
I do know and have experience operating a CABLE TELEVISION system; where the signals came from a master antenna via my head-end, to the distribution cables throughout my neighborhood.
Is the Land-line Telephone system the same (operating from a "head-end" and distributing throughout the cables)? or, because this is a TWO-WAY system, how is this different?
(I am not comparing ANALOG vs. DIGITAL signals - I am merely researching how these signals are powered through my alley.)
Thanks for technical help.
P.S. I have my degree in Commercial Electronics, so I know the difference between SIGNAL and VOLTAGE.
The basic analog signal is your voice which is transmitted over what is called a tip and ring line. Standing idle the tip and ring (pair) measures -48 volts DC (and yes that is negative 48 volts DC), when you take the receiver off hook it causes a direct short on the line reducing the voltage to -24 volts DC on each wire.
When you depress or dial a number it sends out another signal called dual tone multi frequency (DTMF), this signal received by the local phone company exchange office located in your area and will decipher the DTMT digits, sending it to the number attempting to be called.
If the calling attempt is successful an inverting process takes place at the Central Office sending a AC (that's Alternating Current for you people with degrees) burst to the receiving phone. This burst is alternating (on and off) at approximately 90 -105 volts AC (yes it's really an AC electrical event with very low amperes).
When the party being called picks up the receiver the AC is dropped and replaced with - 24 volts DC (the circuit is complete between caller and the answerer). The -24 volts DC is considered talk battery as Bell Labs discovered many decades ago that negative battery was a much cleaner talk battery as oppose to standard (or what you would consider standard battery) DC battery.
The battery provided to your home phone comes from you local exchange whether it be transformed or standard batteries (true story). Although I have never asked I think it would be safe to say the AC burst is originally provided by you local power company and stepped down at the Central Office.
You will have to ask for details on the digital phone, but you should already have a grasp on that being you are experienced in CATV.
Cable-TV and Antenna-TV distribution modules